A Preliminary Report of the More Recent Methods of Treatment of Amblyopia, Especially When Associated with Eccentric Fixation
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چکیده
DURING the last two centuries the treatment of amblyopia ex anopsia in cases of strabismus has made considerable progress. One of the earliest forms of treatment was occlusion of the fixing eye. This was first carried out by Buffon (1743), who also showed the need for correction of the refractive error by means of spectacles. More than a century later, Javal (1896) thought that squint was primarily a fault of binocular function to be remedied by orthoptic exercises using a stereoscope. Amongst others, Chavasse (1939) intensified the use of occlusion in the treatment of amblyopia and stressed the importance of early corrective operation in squint, and Lyle has continued the use of these methods (Lyle and Walker, 1953). It was found, however, particularly by Chavasse, that in certain cases, occlusion did not result in any appreciable improvement in vision, and that in others the improvement was minimal. Although it was known that some of these unresponsive patients showed eccentric fixation, treatment other than occlusion was not carried out until 1940, when Bangerter began to use what he described as "pleoptic treatment" (Bangerter, 1955), in an attempt to improve uniocular vision by means of exercises involving the coordination ofhand, eye, and brain. This form of therapy is now becoming recognized as a successful means of treating patients who do not respond to occlusion. In 1953, Bangerter of St. Gallen, Switzerland, developed a special method of restoring foveal fixation. In 1954, Cuippers of Giessen, Germany, developed a different method. He constructed the Visuscope for the diagnosis of eccentric fixation and the Euthyscope for the restoration ofcentral fixation (Clippers, 1956). His after-image method of treatment of amblyopia has recently been introduced into England and a series of patients has been treated by this method at the High Holborn Branch of Moorfields Eye Hospital.
منابع مشابه
Amblyopia ex-anopsia (suppression amblyopia); a preliminary report of the more recent methods of treatment of amblyopia, especially when associated with eccentric fixation in cases of strabismus.
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تاریخ انتشار 2003